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State Were A Country. Detailed data notes and sources For the 50 U. The raw data is available in a data appendix and the individual sources were as follows: State prisons and local jails : Correctional Populations in the United States, Appendix Table 3 reports the number of women under prison and jail jurisdiction as of December 31, This report, published in December , is the newest available data that provides a combined state prison and local jail count that avoids double counting state prisoners being held in local jails by sex.
A small number of states have contractual relationships with local jails that place large numbers of state prisoners in local jails. Failing to correct for this double counting would significantly and incorrectly increase the incarceration rate for select states. Federal prisons and U. Marshals Service : While federal prosecutions are nominally the result of federal policy, we attributed women under federal Bureau of Prisons jurisdiction to individual states, in part because federal prosecutions are of state residents and in part because federal prosecutions are often coordinated with state prosecutors and state law enforcement.
In this way, our methodology departs from the way that the Bureau of Justice Statistics calculates state rates. In Correctional Populations in the United States, , federal prisoners are included in the total national incarceration rate but do not affect state incarceration rates. Marshals Service detainees are not included at all in that analysis. This calculation includes the 1, women under federal largely pretrial detention by the U.
Marshals Service in federal detention centers and private facilities, who are often left out of similar statistics. It does not, however, include women held in state and local facilites contracted by the U. Marshals Service, since a breakdown by sex was not available. Such women are counted, in this report, as part of the state prison and local jail populations where they are in custody.
While we did not have state of residence information for the U. Marshals population, we used the same ratio to reallocate these women to states as we did for those under BOP jurisdiction. We reasoned that women under federal jurisdiction, regardless of status convicted, pretrial, or in transit , would likely come from the states in the same proportions. Indian country jails : Jails in Indian Country, Appendix Table 4 reports the number of adults and youth held in jails in Indian country as of June 30, by state and by sex.
Unfortunately, this survey did not include data for 5 facilities: one in Arizona, one in Nebraska, and three in South Dakota. For our calculated national incarceration rate, we used the number estimated by the Bureau of Justice Statistics which imputes data for non-reporting facilities. For the state rates, we used the reported numbers, since estimates were not available by state.
Youth confinement : Because the United States confines large numbers of youth through the juvenile justice system, we included these youth in our U. We did not make these adjustments because for most countries, these data are not available or are not comparable to the system of youth confinement in the U.
For youth in the U. We included the national total of 7, young women and girls in the national incarceration rate, but state of offense was not reported for of these youths. Only the youth for whom state of offense was reported were included in the state incarceration rates.
Civil commitment : The data on women convicted of sexual offenses who are detained or committed under civil commitment laws after their sentences are complete comes from a May email with Sex Offender Civil Commitment Programs Network President Shan Jumper, estimating that there were 6 or 7 women total, nationally based on the SOCCPN Annual Survey. Population data for each state, used to calculate the incarceration rates, were based on our state population estimates for December 31, Because the bulk of our incarceration counts are for yearend , we averaged the U.
Census estimates for July 1, and July 1,
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